County-wide papers include the Kent Messenger, Kent on Saturday, Kent on Sunday, and the Kent and Sussex Courier. So, too, stoke, stock, stow, stowe, and stol, as in Basingstoke, Tavistock, Chepstow, Edwinstowe, and Bristol, all mean a fenced or stockade enclosure. Kent has four universities: Canterbury Christ Church University with campuses throughout East Kent; University of Kent, with campuses in Canterbury and Medway; University of Greenwich (a London University), with sites at Woolwich, Eltham, London and Medway; the University for the Creative Arts (UCA) also has three of its five campuses in the county. Both of these options were dropped in 2014 in favour of expansion at either Gatwick or Heathrow Airport, the latter finally being the chosen option following Theresa May's installation as Prime Minister in summer 2016. The word low, as in Hounslow and Ludlow, is the Anglo-Saxon hlaw, meaning a rise or low hill. Easterleake in Nottinghamshire, preserves the name of Eostre, the goddess of Spring, whose festival has given its name to our Easter; and there is a place called Good Easter in Essex. Place Code Country Admin1 Admin2 Admin3; 1: Ealing: W5: United Kingdom: England: Greater London 51.512/-0.302: 2: Kensington: W8: United Kingdom: England: Greater London Farm Names: 600+ Best, Catchy and Funny Farm Names January 8, 2021 September 16, 2020 by Editor The naming of the farm is an important part of establishing a new farm. [28] Dartford, Gravesend, the Medway towns, Sittingbourne, Faversham, Canterbury, Deal, and Dover are built on chalk. Jack Cade's Kent rebellion of 1450, and Wyatt's Rebellion of 1554 against Queen Mary I. Sevenoaks, Maidstone, Ashford, and Folkestone are built on greensand,[27] while Tonbridge and Tunbridge Wells are built on sandstone. Although many were destroyed by aircraft, anti-aircraft guns and barrage balloons, both London and Kent were hit by around 2,500 of these bombs. Other venues for live music include Leas Cliff Hall in Folkestone and the Assembly Hall in Tunbridge Wells. Then we have ly, ley, lea, and leigh, the old leah, meaning an area of pasture land, as in Hellingly, Chorley, Lea, Leaton, Leigh, and Hadleigh; and the many names incorporating field or moor, the Anglo-Saxon mor. It ceased to be considered part of the county in 1965[disputed (for: contradicting related articles)  – discuss] upon creation of the London Borough of Newham. This station is in addition to the existing station at Ashford International, which has suffered a massive cut in service as a result. West Kent Community Radio (WKCR) serving Tonbridge, Tunbridge Wells and Sevenoaks. In 1889 the County of London was created and took over responsibility for local administration of parts of north-west Kent. The medieval Cinque Ports, except for the Port of Dover, have all now silted up. Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west. The Anglo-Saxon geat, meaning a “way,” is also found in the form of gate in the case of settlements on a highway, as for example Reigate which really means the Ridge Way. The exact year is shown in the eBook version. With the Roman invasion, a road network was constructed to connect London to the Channel ports of Dover, Lympne and Richborough. Cement came to the fore in the 19th century when massive building projects were undertaken. When the Anglo-Saxon invaders began widely to settle in Britain in the Fifth to Seventh Centuries they generally displayed that same tendency towards domestic exclusiveness, privacy, and independence which has remained a national characteristic ever since, and which is now exemplified in the saying that an Englishman`s home is his castle. Thus Glev(um) became Glou-cester, Venta became Win-chester, Man(ucium) became Man-chester, and so forth. Canterbury Cathedral is the United Kingdom's metropolitan cathedral; it was founded in AD 598 and displays architecture from all periods. The majority of Anglo-Saxon place-names contain some word meaning a fenced or fortified enclosure; and yet so thorough was the conquest of the British that the erection of such defences can hardly be attributed to fear of attack. Charter flights are provided by Lydd Airport at Lydd. Under the nominal rule of William's half-brother Odo of Bayeux, the county was granted similar powers to those granted in the areas bordering Wales and Scotland. [31] A further quake on 22 May 2015 measured 4.2 on the Richter Scale. [39] All but one of Kent's district councils are controlled by the Conservatives: a minority Labour administration took control of Thanet District in December 2011 after a Conservative councillor defected to the Independent group. Married a Kentish princess., Prins van Wessex, King of West Saxons, King of Kent, Did not rule., koning van Wessex, 9H4Y-JGD, edele Wessex: Managed by: Sally Gene Cole The name Kent is believed to be of British Celtic origin. Teams have represented the county since the early 18th century. The East Kent coast inspired many of his works, including some of his most famous seascapes. Dean, or den, means a valley, as in Rottingdean, (the valley of the Rotting family), Dean, Marsden, and Denton; and combe may be either Anglo-Saxon or Celtic, meaning a hollow in the hills – for instance Wycombe and Compton. On 10 August 2003, in the hamlet of Brogdale near Faversham the temperature reached 38.5 Â°C (101.3 Â°F), at that time the hottest temperature ever officially recorded in the United Kingdom. Kent County Council Local Education Authority maintains 96 secondary schools, of which 33 are selective schools and 63 are secondary modern schools. As an indication of the area's military importance, the first Ordnance Survey map ever drawn was a one-inch map of Kent, published in 1801. The A2 runs through Dartford (A207), Gravesend, Rochester, Canterbury, and Dover; the A20 through Eltham, Wrotham, Maidstone, Charing, Ashford. There were also other workings around Burham on the tidal Medway. This dome consists of an upper layer of chalk above successive layers of Upper Greensand, Gault Clay, Lower Greensand, Weald Clay, and Wealden sandstone. SER's major London termini were London Bridge, Charing Cross, and Cannon Street. Sometimes when an Anglo-Saxon house was built in or near the ruins of some Roman or British stone structure, or beside a stone-paved Roman road, the word stan was used, meaning “stone”; and this comes down to us in such forms as stan, stam, stain, or stone. Kent is represented in cricket by Kent County Cricket Club. Following the closures across the lower Medway, and the Swale to the Isle of Sheppey, during the 20th century, the Woolwich Ferry is the only domestic ferry that runs in the broadest definition of the county. [44] Chalk, gravel and clay were excavated on Dartford Heath for centuries. The early medieval inhabitants of the county were referred to as the Cantwara, or Kentish people. After the war Kent's borders changed several more times. Kent is one of the warmest parts of Britain. Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. This is found in East Kent roughly between Deal, Canterbury, and Dover. Many of the old strongholds, and many of the new, were called by the name burh or burg, which has come down to us in forms such as borough, burgh and bury, for example Boroughbridge, Edinburgh, Salisbury and Bury St. Edmunds. Originally the East Kent Railway in 1858, it linked the northeast Kent coast with London terminals at Victoria and Blackfriars. Dartford currently play in National League South, the sixth tier of the English football pyramid. [53] William Caxton, who first introduced the printing press to England, was born in Kent; the recent invention was key in helping many Kent dialect words and spellings to become standard in English. In the previous year, Augustine successfully converted the pagan King Æthelberht of Kent to Christianity. The coastline of Kent is continuously changing, due to tectonic uplift and coastal erosion. Until about 960, the Isle of Thanet was an island, separated by the Wantsum channel, formed around a deposit of chalk; over time, the channels silted up with alluvium. Similarly Romney Marsh and Dungeness have been formed by accumulation of alluvium.[28]. Kent is home to two National League netball clubs, both based in northwest Kent: Telstars (Premier Division 2) and KCNC (Premier Division 3). By 1618, storehouses, a ropewalk, a drydock, and houses for officials had been built downstream from Chatham. Gangs such as The Aldington Gang brought spirits, tobacco and salt to the county, and transported goods such as wool across the sea to France.[21]. In 1382 and 1580 there were two earthquakes exceeding 6.0 on the Richter Scale. The great god Woden is remembered in Wednesbury in Staffordshire, Woodnesborough in Kent and Wiltshire, and in other names derived from Woden`s beorh, or hill. [24], Kent is in the southeastern corner of England. Whitstable Bay Radio (Whitstable): online only. The word wall was also used to denote ruined buildings, an example of which is Wall, near Lichfield, where the ruins of Letocetum cover the ground. The station was closed and merged with several other Heart stations in the south of England in 2019 to form Heart South, with the Kent studios in Whitstable closing and production moving to Fareham in Hampshire. Once the idea of art schools had been established, even in small towns in Kent, the tradition continued, although most of the schools were very small one-man operations, each teaching a small number of daughters of the upper classes how to draw and make watercolour paintings. Cabin FM broadcasting to Herne Bay on 94.6FM. Dover Community Radio (DCR) Dover: currently online only; in May 2020 this was a granted a community radio licence and will start broadcasting in the next few years. The walled cities or fortresses of Roman-British times were given the name caster, cester, caister or chester, as in Lancaster, Cirencester, Caister, Chester and Manchester; and in many such cases the old Roman-British name was retained, indicating that in such cities the original population still continued to live. The Medway megaliths were built during the Neolithic era. By the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) a small dockyard had been established at Chatham. [5] The divide has been explained by some as originating in the Anglo-Saxon migrations, with Jutes mainly settling east of the Medway and Saxons settling west of it. Rochester Cathedral in Medway is England's second-oldest cathedral. Thus the royal house of Oiscing in Kent was that of the descendant of Oisc; and hence place-names such as Warrington, Uppingham, and Wallingford represent the Warring family enclosure, the Upping family home, the Walling family ford over the river, and so forth; and the hundreds of such names show that individual families and not tribes are meant. Kent clubs in the higher levels of non-league football include the current incarnation of Maidstone United and Dover Athletic playing in the National League along with Ebbsfleet United, who were promoted in 2017. At this time, before the invention of photography, draughtsmen were used to draw maps and topographical representations of the fields of battle, and after the wars ended many of these settled permanently in the county in which they had been based. [11] The second designated English cathedral was in Kent at Rochester Cathedral. From about 1900, several coal pits operated in East Kent. The county town is Maidstone. Place of Burial: Bedford: Immediate Family: Son of Eoppa Father of Ealhmund, Under King Of Kent. The Kent Cricket League is the top level of club competition within Kent and features teams from throughout the county, including areas such as Beckenham and Bexley which were formerly part of the county. In the run-up to Britain leaving the European Union, Government Minister Michael Gove MP for Surrey Heath confirmed that his government intends to impose a de facto border[47] between Kent and the rest of England for freight lorries, in order to deal with expected lorry queues of 7,000 or more[48] at Folksetone, Dover and other ports. France is 34 kilometres (21 mi) across the Strait.[26]. Kent's two canals are the Royal Military Canal between Hythe and Rye, which still exists, and the Thames and Medway Canal between Strood and Gravesend. The word port was similarly used, as in Stockport and Portway. Man in the British Isles – A Brief History, Society, Religion and Politics in the Nineteenth Century, Population Growth & Distribution Since 1801, Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century County Durham, The Industrial Revolution: Industries, Towns, and Personalities, The Diocese of Winchester Before the Reformation, An Agricultural County in an Industrial Age, Yorkshire Transport: Navigations & Canals, Yorkshire after the Industrial Revolution. When the theatre of operation moved to the Atlantic, this role was assumed by Portsmouth and Plymouth, with Chatham concentrating on shipbuilding and ship repair. Rio's in Kentish Town dubs itself "London's Leading Naturist Health Spa." It was due rather to this exclusiveness, and to a strong sense of possession, a desire to call a piece of land his own and to regard it as his home, shared by nobody but his own family and his depandents. Manston Airport, located near the village of Manston in the Thanet district, was a former RAF facility that also handled some civilian flights. Occupation: King of Mercians in Anglo-Saxon England (757-796), Did not rule. The Channel Tunnel was completed in 1994 and High Speed 1 in November 2007 with a London terminus at St Pancras. There was little if any damage reported. Distinctive hop-drying buildings called oasts are common in the countryside, although many have been converted into dwellings. Of residents aged 16–74, 16% had a higher education qualification or the equivalent, compared to 20% nationwide.[36]. Kent's economy is greatly diversified; haulage, logistics, and tourism are major industries. [59] Britain's railways were nationalised in 1948, forming British Railways (shortened to British Rail in the mid-1960s). See more. The Venerable Bede’s Ecclesiastical history of England, Ecclesiastical History of England Book II, Ecclesiastical History of England Book III, Ecclesiastical History of England Book IV, Ecclesiastical History of England Book V, A History of Western Europe A.D. 1 – 455, The Church & The Archbishops of Canterbury, The Old Testament in the New Testament Church, Rugians, Wends & tribal Slavonic Settlers, The English/Anglo-Saxon Church “Western Rite”, The English/Anglo-Saxon Church in the Tenth & Eleventh Centuries, Family Settlements & Early & Later Organisation, The unification of England and the struggle with the Northmen, Settlements in the South Western Counties, The Anglo-Saxon Language, Customs & Institutions, Martyr-King Harold and the Norman Conquest (1066 – 1070). Kent also had a second major railway, the London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR). Kent was one of the first British territories to be settled by Germanic tribes, most notably the Jutes, following the withdrawal of the Romans. Hills in the form of the North Downs and the Greensand Ridge span the length of the county and in the series of valleys in between and to the south are most of the county's 26 castles. The # symbol indicates that it does not appear in later editions of the LCC books ( see Notes below ). The 2007 earthquake caused physical damage in Folkestone. Two 18th century mills were on the River Len and at Tovil on the River Loose. In October 2015 UKIP lost overall control following a series of resignations, although remaining the largest party, only for UKIP to regain control once more following ward elections in August 2016. There are also Great Tew and Dunstew in Oxfordshire. The most likely reason for this is that in 1086 Hamon, dapifer and Sheriff of Kent, owned the manor and, perhaps illegally, annexed it to Kent. Gravesend RFC and Tonbridge Juddians both play in the fifth-tier National League 3 London & SE. [18], By the 17th century, tensions between Britain and the powers of the Netherlands and France led to increasing military build-up in the county. The word worth, meaning a defined possession or estate, is found in many place-names such as Tamworth and Kenilworth; and the termination worthy, the Anglo-Saxon weorthig, means a protected or “warded” place. The sites of Richborough Castle and Dover Castle, along with two strategic sites along Watling Street, were fortified by the Romans and Normans. Shoreline FM (Romney Marsh) broadcasting since January 2020 on 101.1FM. At the 2019 general election, she increased her majority from 187 to 1836. Their industry of employment was 17.3% retail, 12.4% manufacturing, 11.8% real estate, 10.3% health and social work, 8.9% construction, 8.2% transport and communications, 7.9% education, 6.0% public administration and defence, 5.6% finance, 4.8% other community and personal service activities, 4.1% hotels and restaurants, 1.6% agriculture, 0.8% energy and water supply, 0.2% mining, and 0.1% private households. It borders the Thames Estuary and the North Sea to the north, and the Straits of Dover and the English Channel to the south. The eth in Lambeth means a haven, and we have it also in its form hithe or hythe, as in Rotherhithe and Hythe. Hythe, Folkestone and Dover; the A21 around Sevenoaks, Tonbridge, Tunbridge Wells and on to Hastings in East Sussex. In 1900, however, Kent absorbed the district of Penge. The old word mere, “marsh,” as in Ellesmere (Ella`s Mere) often occurs; and the many inhabited islands in the fens, rivers, or sea, retain the Anglo-Saxon word ig, meaning isle, in such forms as ey, ea, ay, or e, as in the cases of Selsey, Swansea, Rothsay, and Eton. Kent Music provides services across the county including Kent County Youth Orchestra, Kent Youth Choirs, and an annual summer school at Benenden School. Thus shaw, holt and hot, as in the case of Birkenshaw, Shaw, Holt, and Aldershot, represent Anglo-Saxon words meaning a wood or thicket; and hurst, as in Chislehurst, means a clearing in a wood or sylvan glade. Cement-making, papermaking, and coal-mining were important industries in Kent during the 19th and 20th centuries. Canterbury's religious role gave rise to Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, a key development in the English language. Kent's principal river, the River Medway, rises near East Grinstead in Sussex and flows eastwards to Maidstone. Maidstone Community Radio (MCR): online only. France can be seen clearly in fine weather from Folkestone and the White Cliffs of Dover. Name definition, a word or a combination of words by which a person, place, or thing, a body or class, or any object of thought is designated, called, or known. It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west. This naming followed the invasion of Britain by William of Normandy as he was unable to subdue the county and they negotiated favourable terms. The average hours worked per week by residents of Kent were 43.1 for males and 30.9 for females. The M26 motorway, built-in 1980, provides a short link between the M25 at Sevenoaks and the M20 near Wrotham. This is higher than the whole of England for construction and transport/communications and lower for manufacturing. KMFM previously consisted of seven local stations which covered different areas of the county (and are still technically seven different licences) but have shared all programming since 2012[78]. When the Anglo-Saxon invaders began widely to settle in Britain in the Fifth to Seventh Centuries they generally displayed that same tendency towards domestic exclusiveness, privacy, and independence which has remained a national characteristic ever since, and which is now exemplified in the saying that an Englishman`s home is his castle. local authorities still providing wholly selective education through the eleven-plus examination with students allocated a place at a secondary modern school or at a grammar school. [58] This and the London and Greenwich Railway later merged into South Eastern Railway (SER). A 2014 study found that Kent shares significant reserves of shale oil with other neighbouring counties, totalling 4.4 billion barrels of oil, which then Business and Energy Minister Michael Fallon said "will bring jobs and business opportunities" and significantly help with UK energy self-sufficiency. The earliest locomotive-driven passenger-carrying railway in Britain was the Canterbury and Whitstable Railway which opened in 1830. [6], Julius Caesar described the area as Cantium, or the home of the Cantiaci, in 51 BC. [57] Music festivals that take place in Kent include Chilled in a Field Festival, Electric Gardens, Hop Farm Festival, In the Woods Festival, Lounge On The Farm and the annual (not 2020) Smugglers Festival near Deal. The termination –ham is also of extremely frequent occurance (Clapham, Balham, etc. The county's first commercial station was originally known as Invicta FM and began broadcasting in 1984. [17], The Royal Navy first used the River Medway in 1547. Then again a great many place-names are derived from words descriptive of the situation of the homestead, and this, too, rather indicates that the farm or estate stood by itself in country surroundings and was not a large settlement. Seismic activity has occasionally been recorded in Kent, though the epicentres were offshore. This termination –ing corresponds to the –son in family names such as Robertson, i.e., the descendants of Robert, or to the Fitz in FitzGerald, i.e., the descendants of Gerald. Cricket has traditionally been a popular sport in the county and Kent is considered one of the locations in which the game first developed. [clarification needed][50] There remained a need to defend London and thus Kent. [52] During the late 1930s, Nobel Prize-awarded novelist William Golding worked as a teacher at Maidstone Grammar School, where he met his future wife Ann Brookfield. It is among the oldest of the world’s great cities—its history spanning nearly two millennia—and one of the most cosmopolitan. Haigh, hey, or hay means a hedged enclosure, and is found in names such as Rothwell Haigh, near Leeds, and Horsehay, near Coalbrookdale; and the word park, and old pearroc, an enclosed estate, is later combined with this hay in Haye Park, near Knaseborough, and occurs in other place-names. Kent's geographical location between the Straits of Dover and London has influenced its architecture, as has its Cretaceous geology and its good farming land and fine building clays. These are the results of erosion of the Wealden dome, a dome across Kent and Sussex created by alpine movements 20–10 million years ago. Each man of standing, at the head of conjunction with others of his tribe, seized a piece of land, built his homestead, and fenced himself in; and though he might be kindly and neighbourly, he showed little inclination towards a communal life, and had no wish to be herded with his fellows in crowded tribal settlements. Others contend that the men of west Kent are Men of Kent while those of East Kent are only Kentish Men. The meaning has been explained as 'coastal district,' 'corner-land' or 'land on the edge' (compare Welsh cant 'bordering of a circle, tire, edge,' Breton cant 'circle'). The common termination sted or stead, the olde stede, also means an enclosed place, as in Stansted and Wanstead; and this is sometimes combined with ham, as in Hampstead (“homestead”) and Berkhamstead. After various buyouts, the station was rebranded into Heart Kent in 2009 as part of the Heart Network. [14][15], During the medieval and early modern period, Kent played a major role in several of England's most notable rebellions, including the Peasants' Revolt of 1381, led by Wat Tyler,[16] Nearer to London, market gardens also flourish. Forts were built all along the coast following the raid on the Medway, a successful attack by the Dutch navy on the shipyards of the Medway towns in 1667.[19]. The word croft, meaning an enclosed field or small farm, is often used though perhaps not in the earliest times; and the word barton or burton, derived from bere, “barley,” and tun, “enclosure,” and meaning the rickyard or granary of a private estate, is common; while the word staple or stable, as in Stapleford and Whitstable means the storehouse of a property. There are many places throughout the country which derive their names from pagan deities whose shrines must have been situated there, or whose property the lane had become. 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